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A case-based emergency airway education hub.

Airway of the Month

Read the patient. Rescue the airway. Run the room.

Monthly emergency airway cases, rescue tools, checklists, and skill drills for EM learners, faculty, simulation educators, and airway teams.

Airway Finder / AI Helper

Find the right airway tool fast

Use this as a safe routing assistant. It searches the validated site pathways and builds an AI prompt you can copy into an approved AI workflow. It does not replace protocols or bedside judgment.

Open rescue mode

AI-ready prompt builder

Copy a safety-bounded prompt

This keeps an AI helper focused on validated sources and education. Use an approved institutional AI workflow; do not paste patient identifiers.

Cognitive offload

Say the hard parts out loud

Scripts, role prompts, and copyable language to reduce memory burden during high-cognitive-load airway moments.

Open rescue mode

Live offload builder

Build a room script in real time

Fill in the blanks and the script below updates immediately. Nothing is stored or sent.

Airway timeout

Indication is __. Physiology risk is __. Plan A is __. If it fails, we oxygenate and change __. Plan C/CICO trigger is __. Sedation and ventilator plan are ready.

Failed attempt reset

Stop. Oxygenate. Name the problem. Change at least one thing: position, suction, blade/device, operator, tube trajectory, bougie/SGA, or cric pathway.

Tube in, patient worse

Patient worse after tube. Disconnect from vent and bag with 100% oxygen. Check tube depth and waveform EtCO₂. Run DOPES. Assign BP/pressor, circuit, and reintubation/rescue roles.

Post-intubation handoff

Tube depth __. Waveform EtCO₂ confirmed __. Vent mode/settings __. Sedation/analgesia __. Hemodynamics __. Next reassessment __. Team debrief pearl __.

No-PHI debrief rule

Capture technique, equipment, physiology, team communication, and learning pearl. Do not include name, MRN, DOB, exact time, room number, or identifiable media.

More than calculators

This section is built for cognitive unloading: the content is organized as scripts, pivots, role assignments, handoff language, and no-PHI debrief templates rather than only numeric calculators.

Debrief capture

Capture the pearl, not the patient

One-tap case debrief form for simulation, QA teaching, and AOTM pearl capture. Designed to export without PHI.

No PHI: Do not enter names, MRNs, dates of birth, exact encounter times, room numbers, or identifiable media. Use this to capture technique and learning only.
Build a no-PHI debrief summary.

Cart-specific layout

Local Airway Cart

Make the site match your actual airway cart. Upload or take a cart photo, tap the image to add labeled markers, and export the map for orientation/simulation.

The image preview and pins are stored locally in this browser. No upload occurs unless you later copy/export it.

Upload/take a cart photo, then tap the image to add markers.

Fast inventory checklist

    Offline pocket mode

    Make the airway app work when Wi‑Fi fails

    Pre-cache the on-shift pages, calculators, rescue mode, situations, and skill decks for more reliable access on shift.

    Checking offline status…

    • Install the site to your phone home screen when prompted.
    • Open Offline Pocket Mode once while online and tap “Cache pocket pages now.”
    • Videos still require network unless hosted in an offline-capable system; the cached pocket focuses on text, checklists, calculators, and decks.

    EMS mode

    Prehospital airway cognitive aid

    Resource-limited prompts for oxygenation, NIV/CPAP, SGA, trauma, peds, and high-value handoff.

    Open situation DB
    EMS airway first decisionOxygenate/ventilate now, or definitively intubate now?
    • Prioritize oxygenation and ventilation before procedure success.
    • Use BVM, adjuncts, CPAP/BiPAP, or SGA when they solve the immediate problem.
    • Intubate when airway protection, ventilation, oxygenation, or predicted deterioration demands it and resources allow.
    SCAPE / flash pulmonary edemaAvoid reflex intubation when NIV can rapidly stabilize.
    • Use CPAP/BiPAP when appropriate; titrate nitrates/afterload reduction per EMS protocol.
    • Prepare intubation for failure of NIV, exhaustion, altered mental status, or shock.
    • After intubation: anticipate hypotension and oxygenation/PEEP needs.
    Asthma/COPD in the fieldVentilation failure can worsen after the tube if breath stacking is ignored.
    • Maximize bronchodilation, oxygen, BVM technique, and ventilatory support.
    • If intubated: slow rate, long exhalation, avoid aggressive bagging, reassess auto-PEEP.
    • Hypotension after intubation may be dynamic hyperinflation until proven otherwise.
    Trauma / facial injuryBlood, anatomy, and transport constraints change the airway plan.
    • Suction strategy and backup airway must be explicit before the first attempt.
    • Maintain C-spine plan, oxygenation, and hemorrhage control.
    • Use SGA/front-of-neck pathway per protocol if oxygenation fails.
    EMS handoffWhat does the ED need in 20 seconds?
    • Indication and starting physiology.
    • Airway attempts, device, view, complications, meds, and tube depth.
    • Current EtCO₂ waveform/value, SpO₂, BP, vent/BVM settings, and what changed.

    On-shift rescue mode

    On-Shift Rescue

    First moves when an airway is unstable: oxygenate, call for help, confirm the tube, sort the failure mode, and change something.

    Immediate unstable-patient move: call for help, disconnect from ventilator, bag with 100% oxygen, verify waveform EtCO₂ and tube depth, then troubleshoot DOPES while support is coming.

    60-second rescue clock

    Start when deterioration is recognized

    00:00

    Room script

    Say this out loud

    “The tube is in and the patient is unstable. Disconnect the vent. Bag with 100% oxygen. Confirm waveform EtCO₂ and depth. We are running DOPES and hypotension causes now.”

    Crisis map

    Four moves before getting lost

    1Oxygenate

    Vent off. Bag with 100% O₂. PEEP valve if appropriate.

    2Confirm

    Waveform EtCO₂, depth, bilateral exam, cuff and circuit.

    3Sort

    Hypoxia, hypotension, high pressure, no EtCO₂, dysynchrony.

    4Change

    Fix the identified failure mode; do not repeat the same plan.

    Choose the failure mode

    What is failing right now?

    Hypoxia Low SpO₂ / poor oxygenation
    • Manual BVM with 100% O₂.
    • Check tube depth, cuff, EtCO₂, secretions, chest rise.
    • Run DOPES and assess pneumothorax/auto-PEEP.
    Hypotension MAP crashing after tube
    • Rule out tension PTX and auto-PEEP.
    • Review sedative/opioid effect and PEEP.
    • Start/resume resuscitation and pressor pathway per protocol.
    No EtCO₂ No reliable waveform
    • Assume esophageal/displaced tube until proven otherwise.
    • Directly reassess tube and waveform source.
    • Reoxygenate and reintubate/rescue as indicated.
    High pressure Alarm / hard to bag
    • Bag and feel compliance.
    • Suction, unkink, bronchodilate if bronchospasm.
    • Check plateau/compliance, PTX, mainstem, auto-PEEP.
    Stacking Asthma/COPD auto-PEEP
    • Disconnect briefly if crashing and air-trapping suspected.
    • Lower RR / increase expiratory time.
    • Deep sedation/paralysis if dangerous dyssynchrony.
    CICO Cannot intubate/oxygenate
    • Declare CICO early.
    • Use SGA/BVM rescue if possible.
    • Move to front-of-neck access per team protocol.

    On-shift cockpit

    Medication + ventilator quick guides

    Designed for simulation, debriefing, and rapid teaching. Local protocols and pharmacy concentrations should control real orders.

    RSI + post-intubation sedation

    Initial vent + scenario pivot

    Interactive skill decks

    Tap-to-flip airway cards

    Large square cards for on-shift recall, simulation prebriefs, resident self-study, and quick faculty teaching. They use progressive disclosure: the front asks the cognitive question; the back shows the action frame.

    30-second microdrill

    Generate a quick airway challenge

    Use before conference, during sim setup, or as an on-shift teaching prompt.

    Tap “Generate drill” to create a resident/faculty teaching prompt.

    Flip deck

    At-the-door airway read

    The rapid physiology and setup scan before medications.

    Flip deck

    Failed attempt / Plan B deck

    Cards for when the first attempt is not going well.

    Flip deck

    Medication decision cards

    Drug choice, paralysis, and post-intubation sedation reminders.

    Flip deck

    Ventilator physiology cards

    Initial settings are only the start; match the physiology.

    Flip deck

    Trach / front-of-neck deck

    High-stakes airway access and tracheostomy troubleshooting prompts.

    Flip deck

    Pediatric airway deck

    Weight, sizing, physiology, and team communication.

    Next innovation queue

    Features worth building after this

    Voice room mode

    Hands-free commands: “show DOPES,” “start apnea timer,” “show Plan B,” and “copy debrief.”

    QR sim stations

    QR codes on airway carts/manikins that open the matching checklist, video, or flip deck.

    Spaced repetition

    Skill-deck cards that recur based on missed/marked-hard topics for residents.

    Debrief capture

    One-tap case debrief form that emails or exports pearls without PHI.

    Cart-specific layout

    Local airway cart map: where the bougie, SGA, cric kit, and suction live at your shop.

    Offline pocket mode

    PWA cache tuned for checklist, calculators, rescue page, and decks even without Wi‑Fi.

    Curriculum mode

    Learning Page

    Seven structured modules for learners and faculty. Each module includes objectives, core points, practice prompts, related videos, and a progress checkbox saved locally.

    0 / 7 modules complete
    Open video library

    15–20 min

    1. Preparation: build the room

    Objective: Create a room where first-pass success and immediate rescue are both possible.

    • Oxygenation pathway
    • Suction x2
    • BVM and rescue ventilation
    • Positioning/ramp
    • Primary and backup device
    • Tube/stylet/bougie
    • Rescue airway

    Practice: Have a learner physically touch each item and verbalize its purpose before starting the scenario.

    Related videos

    10–15 min

    2. Timeout: shared mental model

    Objective: Make the plan explicit before paralysis removes options.

    • Indication
    • Physiology risk
    • Allergies/contraindications
    • Drug plan
    • Plan A/B/C
    • CICO trigger
    • Post-intubation sedation

    Practice: Run a 30-second airway timeout aloud using the scripted template on the Step 2 page.

    Related videos

    15 min

    3. Oxygenation and preoxygenation

    Objective: Choose an oxygenation strategy that matches the patient’s physiology and preserves margin during the attempt.

    • Apneic oxygenation
    • NIV/BVM pathway
    • PEEP and seal
    • Denitrogenation time
    • Positioning
    • Plan B oxygenation

    Practice: Compare NRB, nasal cannula, BVM with PEEP, and NIV setups in a skills station.

    Related videos

    20–30 min

    4. Devices: blades, bougie, video, fiberoptic

    Objective: Match device selection to anatomy, physiology, operator skill, and rescue plan.

    • Mac vs Miller
    • Video laryngoscopy
    • Hyperangulated blade mechanics
    • Bougie technique
    • Fiberoptic pathway
    • Device troubleshooting

    Practice: Run the same airway model with direct laryngoscopy, standard geometry video, hyperangulated video, and bougie-first approaches.

    Related videos

    20 min

    5. Execution: clean, view, landmarks, pass, prove

    Objective: Slow down tube passage enough to prevent common view-to-tube errors.

    • Clean the view
    • Identify landmarks
    • Optimize before passage
    • Hover and wait
    • Manage tracheal ring hang-up
    • Prove placement

    Practice: Use a laryngoscopy video and pause before tube passage: ask learners to identify the landmarks and next move.

    Related videos

    20–30 min

    6. Rescue and special airways

    Objective: Stop repeating the same failed attempt and make the next move meaningfully different.

    • Change oxygenation
    • Change position
    • Change operator/device
    • Use bougie/SGA/fiberoptic
    • Cricothyrotomy trigger
    • Trach emergency actions

    Practice: Give the team a failed attempt. Require them to name exactly what changes before attempt two.

    Related videos

    15 min

    7. Post-airway: make the tube safe

    Objective: Prevent preventable harm after tube placement.

    • Sedation/analgesia
    • Ventilator setup
    • Hemodynamic reassessment
    • Tube depth
    • CXR/EtCO₂ documentation
    • Debrief

    Practice: Run a “tube is in” drill: learners must complete post-airway tasks before leaving the room.

    Related videos

    Suggested skills-lab flow

    1. Five-minute pre-brief: four-step workflow and CICO trigger.
    2. Ten-minute equipment station: oxygen, suction, BVM, tube/stylet/bougie, devices.
    3. Fifteen-minute laryngoscopy station: clean, view, landmarks, cords, hover, wait, pass.
    4. Ten-minute rescue station: change something, SGA, fiberoptic, cric kit, trach emergency.
    5. Five-minute debrief: what changed between attempts and what should become a habit.

    Education-only calculator guides

    Clinical Calculators

    Grouped by sizing, medications, pediatrics, and ventilator setup. These are training aids; replace defaults with your ED, anesthesia, ICU, and pediatric protocols before clinical teaching use.

    Protocol lockout: These calculators intentionally show formulas and ranges. They should not be used as a stand-alone bedside dosing tool until reviewed, approved, and localized by your clinical leadership.

    Group 1

    Sizing

    Tube, depth, blade, predicted body weight, and equipment preparation.

    Adult ETT / equipment sizing quick prep

    Prepares primary tube plus one smaller and one larger; always confirm with waveform EtCO₂, depth, bilateral exam, and imaging when appropriate.

    Predicted Body Weight

    Uses the common ARDSNet/NIH PBW equation for lung-protective tidal-volume calculations.

    Pediatric ETT size + depth

    For children ≥1 year, estimates uncuffed ETT as age/4 + 4 and cuffed ETT as 0.5 mm smaller. Stage ±0.5 mm tubes.

    Supraglottic rescue size guide

    Device-specific sizing varies. Use this only as a staging prompt and check the manufacturer’s chart for the device in your airway cart.

    Group 2

    Meds

    Adult RSI, shock-sensitive induction, paralytic, and post-intubation sedation guides.

    Adult RSI medication guide

    Shock-risk safety note: for ED intubation patients at increased risk of post-intubation hypotension, this guide emphasizes etomidate or ketamine as the induction-agent scaffold. Avoid treating fentanyl, midazolam, or propofol as equivalent induction/coinduction defaults in shock-risk patients; verify local protocol and clinical context.

    Includes induction and paralytic ranges. It is not an order set.

    Post-intubation sedation guide

    Hard stop: analgesia/sedation should be ready before paralytic administration whenever feasible.

    Post-intubation crash risk

    Risk prompts selected: 0

    Attempt troubleshooting prompt

    After a failed attempt, choose the change before trying again:

    OxygenatePositionSuctionBladeDeviceOperatorBougieSGACric

    Medication handoff builder

    Creates the exact verbal sequence you want the room to hear before paralysis.

    Use with the adult/peds calculators; do not let post-intubation sedation become an afterthought.

    Group 3

    Peds

    Pediatric airway staging and intubation medication training ranges.

    Pediatric intubation meds

    Use measured or length-based weight when available. Round thoughtfully and follow pediatric emergency medication standards.

    Pediatric atropine helper

    Traditional teaching includes 0.02 mg/kg with minimum and maximum dose constraints; local PALS/PED pharmacy policy should control display values.

    Pediatric initial vent guide

    Tidal volume is a starting guide; titrate to lung mechanics, gas exchange, disease physiology, and pediatric ICU/RT guidance.

    Peds airway prebrief

    Copy a pediatric airway-specific briefing line for simulation or teaching.

    Peds color-zone airway guide

    Approximate Broselow-style airway zone helper for education. Use your actual Broselow/length-based tape and local pediatric standards as the bedside source of truth.

    Group 4

    Ventilator

    Initial adult ventilation, ARDS-style VT targets, minute ventilation, and obstructive-physiology prompts.

    Adult initial ventilator settings

    Default guide: PBW-based VT 4–8 mL/kg, common starting RR range, PEEP/FiO₂ prompt, and plateau-pressure reminder.

    Minute ventilation estimator

    Useful in severe acidosis when pre-intubation minute ventilation is high and post-intubation under-ventilation can be dangerous.

    Obstructive physiology I:E prompt

    For asthma/COPD: prioritize long expiratory time, avoid breath stacking, and reassess flow-time waveform.

    Oxygenation escalation prompt

    Use as a structured reminder, not an automated protocol.

    1. Confirm tube, waveform EtCO₂, depth, and circuit.
    2. Increase FiO₂ first for immediate rescue, then titrate PEEP deliberately.
    3. Check plateau pressure / driving pressure when available.
    4. Escalate early: RT, ICU, proning/paralysis/ARDS pathway as appropriate.

    Driving pressure + static compliance

    Requires an inspiratory hold/plateau measurement. Use with RT/ICU workflow.

    Vent scenario builder

    Use this after the initial settings to force a physiology-specific second pass.

    Calculator reference anchors to localize

    Use these as starting references while converting the calculator guides into your local protocol display.

    On-shift rescue mode

    Post-Intubation Troubleshooting

    Use this when the tube is in but the patient is not stable: hypoxia, hypotension, high pressures, no waveform EtCO₂, or ventilator alarms.

    First move if unstable: call for help, disconnect from the ventilator, manually ventilate with 100% oxygen, check waveform EtCO₂, and troubleshoot DOPES while RT/ICU support is coming.

    Immediate algorithm

    Tube in, patient worse

    1Oxygenate

    Disconnect vent. Bag with 100% O₂. Add PEEP valve if appropriate.

    2Confirm tube

    Waveform EtCO₂, depth, bilateral chest rise/sounds, cuff/circuit.

    3Sort failure mode

    Hypoxia, hypotension, high pressure, no EtCO₂, poor compliance, dysynchrony.

    4Change something

    Fix position, suction/obstruction, vent/circuit, pneumothorax, or auto-PEEP.

    DOPES + no waveform EtCO₂

    Tap a concern to expand actions

    D: DisplacementTube moved, mainstemmed, or never tracheal.
    • Check continuous waveform EtCO₂.
    • Check depth at teeth/lips and compare to documented depth.
    • Listen for bilateral breath sounds and look for symmetric chest rise.
    • If no waveform or wrong depth: remove/reposition using your local emergency airway pathway.
    O: ObstructionTube, circuit, secretions, biting, kink, bronchospasm.
    • Pass a suction catheter through the ETT.
    • Look for biting/kinked tube or blocked HME/filter.
    • Assess peak vs plateau pressure with RT.
    • Treat bronchospasm and consider tube exchange if catheter will not pass.
    P: Pneumothorax / PatientTension physiology, mainstem, collapse, edema, PE, bronchospasm.
    • If hypoxia + hypotension + high pressures: tension pneumothorax must be considered immediately.
    • Use bedside exam/ultrasound/chest radiograph when stable enough.
    • Treat immediately when exam and instability support tension physiology.
    • Do not wait for imaging in a crashing patient with confirmatory clinical findings.
    E: EquipmentVentilator, circuit, gas source, valve, filter, disconnect.
    • Disconnect from ventilator and bag with 100% oxygen plus PEEP valve when appropriate.
    • If bagging is easy and oxygenation improves, suspect ventilator/circuit problem.
    • Check oxygen source, circuit connections, valve function, filters, and ventilator settings.
    • Call RT early.
    S: Stacked breathsAuto-PEEP, dynamic hyperinflation, obstructive shock.
    • Disconnect briefly to allow full exhalation if severe air-trapping physiology is suspected.
    • Lower RR and minute ventilation demand when safe.
    • Increase expiratory time; evaluate flow-time waveform.
    • Use deep sedation/paralysis when dyssynchrony is driving air trapping.
    No EtCO₂ waveformEsophageal tube until proven otherwise, low-flow state, equipment issue.
    • Reconfirm tube immediately.
    • Check detector/capnography connection and circuit.
    • If cardiac arrest/very low perfusion, waveform may be low but should not be ignored.
    • Use direct visualization/reintubation pathway when placement is uncertain.

    Hypotension after intubation

    1. Tube/circuit: confirm placement and oxygenation first.
    2. Obstructive causes: tension pneumothorax, auto-PEEP, high PEEP, RV failure/PE.
    3. Medication/vasodilation: sedative/opioid effect, induction-related sympathetic lysis.
    4. Preload/bleeding/sepsis: reassess volume, vasopressors, source control, and MAP target.
    5. Vent pivot: reduce intrathoracic pressure when air-trapping or excessive PEEP is plausible.

    High airway pressure alarm

    1. Bag the patient: feel compliance and bypass equipment.
    2. High peak, normal plateau: resistance problem—tube kink, secretions, bronchospasm, small tube.
    3. High peak and high plateau: compliance/pressure problem—ARDS, edema, pneumothorax, mainstem, auto-PEEP.
    4. Check waveform: flow returning to zero? If not, suspect breath stacking.

    Scenario pivots

    After the initial vent settings, match the physiology

    Severe asthma/COPD

    Low RR, long expiratory time, avoid stacking, permissive hypercapnia when clinically acceptable, deep sedation if dyssynchrony.

    ARDS/hypoxemia

    PBW-based low VT, plateau/driving pressure awareness, deliberate PEEP/FiO₂ escalation, early ICU/RT pathway.

    Metabolic acidosis/DKA

    Plan before paralysis. Preserve minute ventilation as safely as possible. Avoid sudden apnea and post-intubation hypoventilation.

    TBI/neuro

    Avoid hypoxia and hypotension. Use EtCO₂ targets and sedation strategy consistent with neurocritical goals.

    Shock/RV failure

    Preload/pressor plan, avoid excess intrathoracic pressure, consider RV afterload and peri-intubation collapse risk.

    Pediatrics

    Use measured/length-based weight, staged backup sizes, age-appropriate vent RR, and early pediatric/RT support.

    Watch next

    Related troubleshooting videos

    Open video library

    AOTM Disclaimer: This database is for your information and education only. It is intended solely for use by medical providers seeking to further understanding of airway management. All patient identifying information has been removed from the videos; however, if you believe patient information was inadvertently included or other concerns arise during your review, please email Dr. Andrew Pirotte ([email protected]) directly.

    References and downloads

    Resources

    Clean resource hub for videos, printable references, editorial policy, clinical accuracy guardrails, FOAM sharing links, and indexable airway topic pages.

    High-yield topic pages

    Severe Asthma / COPD Crash Airway Flash Pulmonary Edema / SCAPE Airway DKA / Severe Metabolic Acidosis Airway Septic Shock Intubation RV Failure / Pulmonary Embolism Airway Angioedema Airway Facial Trauma Airway Pediatric DKA / Acidosis Airway Tracheostomy Emergency No EtCO₂ Waveform After Intubation Hypoxia After Intubation Hypotension After Intubation High Airway Pressure After Intubation DOPES Algorithm for Post-Intubation Deterioration Airway of the Month: March 2024 Airway of the Month: June 2024 Airway of the Month: December 2024 Airway of the Month: April 2025 Airway of the Month: August 2025 Salicylate Toxicity Airway Status Epilepticus Airway Massive Hemoptysis Airway Overdose / Aspiration Airway Anaphylaxis Airway C-Spine Trauma Airway Burns / Inhalation Injury Airway Foreign Body Airway Ludwig Angina / Deep Neck Swelling Trismus / Limited Mouth Opening Airway Jaw Wired Shut Airway Anticipated Difficult / Awake Airway Pediatric Asthma Airway Pediatric Foreign Body Aspiration Pediatric Septic Shock Airway Pediatric Anaphylaxis Airway Infant Bronchiolitis Airway Neonate / Infant Apnea Airway Pediatric Trauma / Shock Airway Trach Bleeding Airway Laryngectomy Airway Tube Exchange / Cuff Leak Accidental Extubation Airway Postoperative Neck Hematoma Airway Cricothyrotomy / Front-of-Neck Access Ventilator Dyssynchrony / Biting Tube Post-Intubation Hypotension EMS Trauma Airway Prehospital SCAPE / Pulmonary Edema Airway Cardiac Arrest Airway Priorities Drowning / Submersion Airway CO / Cyanide / Smoke Inhalation Airway

    Printable quick references

    • Critical airway checklist: use the Print button on the checklist page.
    • Step 1–4 pages: print each page as a one-page prebrief.
    • Medication and ventilator guides: print from the calculator page after local protocol edits.
    • AOTM case template: copy from the AOTM page and paste into your monthly case workflow.

    Failed-attempt troubleshooting

    1. Stop and oxygenate.
    2. Declare the failure mode: oxygenation, view, tube delivery, confirmation, or physiology.
    3. Change at least one meaningful variable.
    4. Escalate early to rescue oxygenation or front-of-neck access when indicated.